Cheat Sheet for Linux & Git

Linux

It provides services for applications and manages computer hardware. It's a platform to run desktops, embedded systems, and servers. It is made up of several different components working together to form an Operating System which is organized into layers. Each layer interacts with the other to provide its functionality.

There are over a thousand Linux commands and it would be hard to remember them all. You can always search for them online and as you use them you will become familiar with them. Below are some of the common commands that a DevOps Engineer will come across.

Commands	Description
ls	Lists files and directories in the current directory
pwd	Prints the current working directory
cd	Changes the current working directory
mkdir	Creates a new directory
mv	Moves or renames files or directories
rm	Removes files or directories
touch	Creates an empty file
cat	Concatenates and displays files
clear	To clear the terminal screen of all previous output
echo	To print a message or value to the terminal
whoami	To display the username of the current user
tar	Compresses and decompresses files and directories
grep	To search for a specified pattern in one or more text files
head	To display the first few lines of a text file
tail	To display the last few lines of a text file
diff	To compare the contents of two text files and display the difference between them.
sort	To sort the lines of a text file
chmod	Changes the permissions of a file or directory
chown	Changes the owner of a file or directory
sudo	Runs a command with administrative privileges
useradd	To create a new user account
usermod	To modify an existing user account
passwd	To set or change the password of a user account
exit	To close a terminal session or shell
vim	The text editor in Linux, that is used to create and edit text files
awk	Tool in Linux that is used to manipulate and process text files.

If you would like to see the above commands used in action, see the below blogs on Linux:

Git

As described by [git-scm.com] - "Git is a free and open source distributed version control system designed to handle everything from small to very large projects with speed and efficiency."

It allows developers to track changes to their code over time and collaborate with other developers on the same project by providing features for sharing and merging code changes. When multiple developers are working on the same project, each developer can create a separate local repository and make changes without affecting the main codebase. Git offers tools to integrate these independent changes into a unified codebase and resolve any conflicts that may arise.

There are many Git Commands that are out there and it would be hard to remember them all. You can always search for them online and as you use them you will become familiar with them. Below are some of the common commands that a DevOps Engineer will come across.

Commands	Description
git clone	Creates a copy of a remote repository on the local machine.
git status	Shows the current state of the repository, including any uncommitted changes
git add	Adds a file or directory to the staging area
git commit	Commits the staged changes with a commit message
git push	Pushes local changes to a remote repository
git remote add origin	used to add a remote repository to your local Git repository
git push origin main	Used to push the commits made in the local main branch to the remote repository called the origin
git init	Initializes a new Git repository in the current directory
git branch	Lists all branches in the repository
git config --global user.name	Used to set your Git username. This username will be associated with the commits you make to your Git repositories
git config --global user.email	Used to set your Git email address. This email address will be associated with the commits you make to your Git repositories
git config --list	Used to view the Git configuration settings for your local Git installation. These settings can include your username, email address, default text editor, and more
git log --oneline	Used to view the commit history of a Git repository in a simplified format. Each commit is displayed on a single line with the first few characters of its commit hash and its commit message
git revert	Reverts a commit by creating a new commit that undoes the changes in the specified commit
git reset	Removes a file from the staging area
git rebase	Used to apply a sequence of commits from one branch to another branch. It rewrites the project history by applying the changes of the rebased branch on top of the target branch. This results in a cleaner and more linear history
git merge	Merges the specified branch into the current branch
git checkout -b <branch>	Creates & switches to the "newly created" branch
git checkout	Switches to a different branch
git stash	Used to temporarily save changes that are not yet ready to be committed, allowing you to switch branches or perform other actions without losing your work
git cherry-pick	Used to apply a specific commit from one branch to another. This command is useful when you want to apply changes made in a specific commit on one branch to another branch without merging the entire branch
git pull	Fetches and merges change from a remote repository into the local repository
git diff	Shows the changes between the working directory and the repository.

If you would like to see the above commands used in action, see the below blogs on Git:

I appreciate your busy time reading this short blog. As I continue with my journey to learn and acquire the skill set of a DevOps Engineer, I will share what I learn. Thank you.

Happy Learning!

Sam Samarullah

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